Liraglutide impurity profile
Every named species the index has reported alongside Liraglutide, how often, at what level, and what its presence implies about the synthesis or the handling. Reporting threshold is 0.05 % area; anything below it is invisible to this page and is silently added to the main peak.
Median total impurities
0.98%
n=154
Median largest single
0.48%
n=154
Worst single observed
2.12%
n=154
Named species observed
6 / 6
n=6
| Named species | ΔRT (min) | Δ mass (Da) | Seen in | Median % area | Max % area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| γ-Glu regioisomer | +0.41 | mass-identical | 92% | 0.08 | 1.19 |
| des-palmitoyl liraglutide (−238 Da) | -3.44 | -238.230 | 87% | 0.18 | 1.49 |
| deamidated (Asn→Asp, +1 Da) | -0.48 | +0.984 | 83% | 0.16 | 1.77 |
| palmitoyl bis-adduct (+238 Da) | +2.88 | +238.230 | 79% | 0.06 | 2.12 |
| des-His1 truncate (−137 Da) | -1.02 | -137.059 | 78% | 0.11 | 1.93 |
| liraglutide dimer | +3.15 | +3748.963 | 67% | 0.07 | 0.51 |
γ-Glu regioisomer
- Retention offset from the main peak
- +0.41 min on RG-2
- Mass difference
- mass-identical — chromatography only
- Reported in
- 141 of 154 records (92 %)
- Level when reported
- median 0.08 %, max 1.19 %
- Resolution requirement
- A gradient long enough to separate it. No mass spectrometer will.
des-palmitoyl liraglutide (−238 Da)
- Retention offset from the main peak
- -3.44 min on RG-2
- Mass difference
- -238.230 Da
- Reported in
- 134 of 154 records (87 %)
- Level when reported
- median 0.18 %, max 1.49 %
- Resolution requirement
- Baseline-resolved on the reference method.
deamidated (Asn→Asp, +1 Da)
- Retention offset from the main peak
- -0.48 min on RG-2
- Mass difference
- +0.984 Da
- Reported in
- 128 of 154 records (83 %)
- Level when reported
- median 0.16 %, max 1.77 %
- Resolution requirement
- Baseline-resolved on the reference method.
palmitoyl bis-adduct (+238 Da)
- Retention offset from the main peak
- +2.88 min on RG-2
- Mass difference
- +238.230 Da
- Reported in
- 121 of 154 records (79 %)
- Level when reported
- median 0.06 %, max 2.12 %
- Resolution requirement
- Baseline-resolved on the reference method.
des-His1 truncate (−137 Da)
- Retention offset from the main peak
- -1.02 min on RG-2
- Mass difference
- -137.059 Da
- Reported in
- 120 of 154 records (78 %)
- Level when reported
- median 0.11 %, max 1.93 %
- Resolution requirement
- Baseline-resolved on the reference method.
liraglutide dimer
- Retention offset from the main peak
- +3.15 min on RG-2
- Mass difference
- +3748.963 Da
- Reported in
- 103 of 154 records (67 %)
- Level when reported
- median 0.07 %, max 0.51 %
- Resolution requirement
- Baseline-resolved on the reference method.
Degradation pathways
Degradants are a handling finding rather than a synthesis finding. A lot that shipped clean and arrived oxidised tells you about the courier, not the chemist.
- palmitoyl amide hydrolysis under alkaline conditions
- fibrillation at the isoelectric point (pH ≈ 4.6) — avoid acidic reconstitution